1983 Tour | 1985 Tour | Tour de France Database | 1984 Tour Quick Facts | 1984 Tour de France Final GC | Stage results with running GC | The Story of the 1984 Tour de France
1984 Tour de France route
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1984 Tour de France quick facts
The 1984 Tour had 23 stages plus a prologue that totaled 4020.9 kilometers.
It was ridden at an average speed of 34.906 km/hr.
170 riders started and there were 124 classified finishers.
Defending Tour champion Laurent Fignon displayed an incredible mastery over all his competitors in the 1984 edition. His teammate Vincent Barteau gained a huge amount of time in a 3-man break during stage 5.
With Barteau in yellow, Fignon had the luxury of riding conservatively and letting the other competitors, notably Bernard Hinault, try to take the lead.
As Barteau faltered in stage 17 with its hilltop finish at L'Alpe d'Huez, Fignon took over. Hinault desperately attacked Fignon in stage 18, but Fignon was riding in a state of grace.
At the end of Stage 16 he was in second place, down 6 minutes, 29 seconds. By the end of stage 18, he had carved a lead of 8 minutes, 39 seconds.
Greg Lemond's third place made him the first American to make the Tour's final podium.
Climbers' Competition:
Points Competition:
Team GC:
Best Young Rider: Greg LeMond
Prologue: Friday, June 29, Montreuil - Noisy le Sec 5.4 km Individual Time Trial. Stage and GC places and times are the same.
Stage 1: Saturday, June 30, Bondy - St Denis, 148.5 km
GC after Stage 1
Stage 2: Sunday, July 1, Bobigny - Louvroil, 249.5 km
GC after Stage 2
Stage 3: Monday, July 2, Louvroil - Valenciennes 51 km Team Time Trial
GC after Stage 3:
Stage 4: Monday, July 2, Valenciennes - Béthune, 83 km
GC after Stage 4:
Stage 5: Tuesday, July 3, Béthune - Cergy Pontoise, 207 km
GC after Stage 5:
Stage 6: Wednesday, July 4, Cergy Pontoise - Alençon, 202 km
GC after Stage 6:
Stage 7: Thursday, July 5, Alençon - Le Mans 67 km Individual Time Trial
GC after stage 7:
Stage 8: Friday, July 6, Le Mans - Nantes, 192 km
GC after Stage 8:
Stage 9: Saturday, July 7, Nantes - Bordeaux, 338 km
GC after Stage 9:
Stage 10: Sunday, July 8, Langon - Pau, 198 km
GC after Stage 10:
Stage 11: Monday, July 9, Pau - Guzet Neige, 226.5 km
Major Ascents: Portet d'Aspet, Core, Latrape, Guzet Neige
GC after Stage 11:
Stage 12: Tuesday, July 10, St. Girons - Blagnac, 111 km
GC after Stage 12:
Stage 13: Wednesday, July 11, Blagnac - Rodez, 220.5 km
GC after Stage 13:
Stage 14: Thursday, July 12, Rodez - Domaine du Rouret, 227.5 km
Major Ascent: Côte des Vignes
GC after Stage 14:
Stage 15: Friday, July 13, Domaine de Rouret - Grenoble, 241.5 km
Major Ascents: Rousset, Chalimont
GC after Stage 15:
Stage 16: Sunday, July 15, Les Echelles - La Ruchère 22 km Individual Time Trial
GC after Stage 16:
Stage 17: Monday, July 16, Grenoble - L'Alpe d'Huez, 151 km
Major Ascents: St Pierre de Chevreuse, Le Coq, Laffrey, L'Alpe d'Huez
GC after stage 17:
Stage 18: Tuesday, July 17, Bourg d'Oisans - La Plagne, 185 km
Major Ascents: Galibier, Madeleine, La Plagne
GC after stage 18:
Stage 19: Wednesday, July 18, La Plagne - Morzine, 186 km
Major Ascents: Cormet de Roseland, Saises, Aravis, Colombière, Joux-Plane
GC after Stage 19:
Stage 20: Thursday, July 19, Morzine - Crans Montana, 140.5 km
Major Ascents: Corbier, Crans Montana
GC after stage 20:
Stage 21: Friday, July 20, Crans Montana - Villefranche en Beaujolais, 320.5 km
GC after Stage 21:
Stage 22: Saturday, July 21, Villié Morgon - Villefranche en Beaujolais 51 km Individual Time Trial
GC after Stage 22:
23rd and Final Stage: Sunday, July 22, Pantin - Paris, 196.5 km
Complete Final 1984 Tour de France General Classification
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Sports are cruel. L'Équipe describes the 1984 Tour as an intergenerational conflict. Fignon at 23 represented the new guard and Hinault, at the ripe old age of 29 was of an older demographic cohort, close to being ready for the ashheap.
Fignon is an interesting character. He was nicknamed "The Professor" because of his scholarly appearance with his oval wire-framed glasses and his time in college. When interviewed in later years about his cycling accomplishments, he is strangely diffident, saying that what he did wasn't terribly important. He's rather like Marlon Brando in this way. When Brando talked about acting he would ask why there was so much fuss about such an unimportant pursuit. Both men had striven for years to become the best in the world at their craft, yet both were often oddly dismissive of the entire source of their reputations and fame. A pose? In Fignon's case, I think not. Fignon is an intelligent, thoughtful man who always had a prickly edge to his personality.
But for a couple of years, god, could he ride a bike, his own oblique, non-denial of drug use in later years notwithstanding.
Coming to the Tour, he was sporting the tricolor jersey of the Champion of France. He came in second in the Giro, losing the leader's Pink Jersey to Francesco Moser on the final day, a time trial. The Giro was clearly stolen from Fignon. The highest mountain stage was cancelled in order to keep Moser from losing gobs of time to Fignon, the superior climber. The Giro organizers claimed that snow was blocking the pass, but pictures were produced showing clear roads. Then in the time trial, Fignon was the victim of another outrage. The television helicopter flew low and in front of Fignon, creating a headwind, while Moser was followed by the helicopter, creating a tailwind. The numerous pushes Moser received from the fans when he was climbing in the high mountains were also ignored by the officials.
And that, in a nutshell, explains why the Giro is only an important regional race and the Tour de France is the Holy Grail of cycling.
Hinault switched teams. He left Cyrille Guimard and Renault and went to a new team, La Vie Claire, which sported very distinctive Mondrian-inspired jerseys. After his knee operation Hinault had told Renault to choose between himself and the team manager Cyrille Guimard. With Guimard's stunning record as a manager, they intelligently made the long-term decision to stick with Guimard. Hinault said that a major reason for the change was the desire to have a greater say in team management. Given the strong-willed Breton's temperament, this is not hard to believe. Further, either Hinault or Fignon had to change teams. It would be impossible for 2 of the finest racers in France to be on the same team, competing for the same victory. That never works, as we will see in a couple of years.
Hinault's spring racing seemed to say that he had not returned with his old punch. The time out of competition while his knee was repaired was not without cost. Returning to the highest levels of sporting fitness takes time. He did win the 4 Days of Dunkirk, but he came in second in the Dauphiné Libéré and third in ParisNice. His Classics placings weren't inspiring either.
Round 1: Hinault. Hinault won the Prologue for the fourth time, beating his former teammate Fignon by 3 seconds. Jacques Anquetil said that if he were Hinault, he would not have tipped his hand and let the others know that he was in such fine form by winning something as unimportant as a Prologue. For Hinault, I don't think there was ever an unimportant Tour win.
Fignon riding to second place in the Prologue. |
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But wait, who's this at ninth with the same time as Zoetemelk and Stephen Roche? American racer Greg LeMond finished only 12 seconds behind the finest living time trialist and beat one of the only men to ever best Hinault in a time trial when he was at the top, Gerrie Knetemann. LeMond was riding his first Tour this year and was on Guimard's Renault team with Laurent Fignon. Showing signs of first-Tour jitters, LeMond had forgotten the mandatory sign-in and was still tightening his toe straps when the starter finished his countdown.
LeMond had entered his time of glory. The year before he won the Dauphiné Libéré in the spring, and in the fall became World Champion. His victory in the Worlds was a stunning solo win after more than 7 hours of racing. He showed both extraordinary strength and endurance and the ability to read a race. LeMond often displayed a superb understanding of the psychology of the peloton. He could also be caught strangely unaware and flat-footed, a defect that would cost him dearly later in his career.
Round 2: Renault and Fignon. Renault won the stage 3 team time trial. Hinault's La Vie Claire team was a distant seventh at 55 seconds. The stage victory wasn't enough to give a Renault rider the Yellow Jersey, but it put Renault riders Fignon, Madiot and LeMond well up in the General Classification. The Colombian team, inexperienced in the highly technical and precise event, was last in the 51-kilometer stage. Their manager joked that the Colombian team fell apart in the final 50 kilometers.
The General Classification after the team time trial stood thus:
Stage 5 had one of those dopey early breaks that no one expects to succeed, unless success is defined as time on the world's televisions. 3 riders took off in search of TV time: Paolo Ferreira, Maurice Le Guilloux and Vincent Barteau. Ferreira was a member of the unimportant (to this story, at least) Sporting Lisboa team. But Le Guilloux was a member of Hinault's La Vie Claire squad and Barteau was a Renault. The 2 most important teams in the Tour were neutralized because they would not chase down their own team members. Moreover, the politics of Northern European racing had created an intense rivalry between the Raleigh-Panasonic team and Kwantum. This intensity paralyzed them and strangely prevented their chasing the break because neither had a rider up the road and they often, as in this case, only worried about each other. The break's lead grew. At the end of the stage they were 17 minutes, 42 seconds ahead of the listless peloton. It was thought that Barteau would easily win the sprint but Ferreira stunned everyone by crossing the line first.
The stage 5 winning break. From the left, Paolo Ferreira, Vincent Barteau (leading) and Maurice Le Guilloux. |
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This gave the crafty Guimard (and he was probably racing's finest tactician) another card to play. His Vincent Barteau was now the Yellow Jersey. Le Guilloux was 1 minute, 33 seconds behind Barteau. Round 3 to Guimard.
Stage 6 was a sprinter's stage but it did have a lasting effect. Sean Kelly threw an elbow at Gilbert Glaus in the sprint and was relegated to one-hundred-fortieth place. The loss of the second-place points in the Green Jersey competition cost him dearly. At the end of the Tour, Frank Hoste ended up beating Kelly by only 4 points for the Green Jersey. With a cleaner sprint in stage 6 Kelly would have had the 1984 Green Jersey in his collection.
The first real contest to see who was ready to race was the 67-kilometer individual time trial of stage 7. Riding better than he had dared hope, Fignon beat Hinault where he lived, winning the stage and putting Hinault another 49 seconds back. The General Classification was already starting to sort itself out.
Hinault's third place in the time trial (Sean Kelly also finished ahead of him) brought about a change to Hinault's attitude and tactics. He understood that this Tour would be tough to win. He started to fight hard for the intermediate sprint bonus seconds. In stage 9, Hinault and Kelly had dueled for the third of the intermediate sprints. After Hinault had won the sprint they looked back at the peloton and saw that they had created a sizable gap. They put their heads down and pressed on with several other riders who had also detached themselves in the sprint. Caught napping because they expected the sprinters to slow and rejoin the peloton were LeMond, Fignon, Zoetemelk and Stephen Roche. A chase was organized and the 2 groups hammered down the road to Bordeaux at 60 kilometers an hour. Finally, facing a headwind and realizing that the gain would be too small for the effort, the Hinault/Kelly group sat up. But Hinault had once again shown that he was always willing to attack any time and any place. And Guimard, with his young team, had also proven that he could respond to the Badger's best efforts.
No one expected Barteau or his breakaway companions to come out of the mountains with their lead intact. But Barteau had some steel in his spine.
Colombian climber Luis Herrera came in second in the stage 11 visit to the Pyrenees, 41 seconds behind the winner, Robert Millar. |
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There was only 1 Pyrenean stage, 226 kilometers that went over the Portet d'Aspet, the Core, Latrape and a first category ascent to Guzet-Neige. Robert Millar was the angel with wings, winning stage 11 and leaving his closest follower, the Colombian Luis Herrera, 41 seconds behind. LeMond, getting over a cold that had been bothering him, had trouble and got dropped on the first climb. Being a superb descender he regained contact and through sheer determination, managed to finish sixteenth, not far behind Hinault. Fignon, sensing weakness in Hinault, wanted to attack well before the finish. Guimard, wary of the Badger, told Fignon to hold his fire until 3 kilometers from the summit, thus making it unlikely that Hinault would be able to regroup and respond. It worked perfectly and Fignon took almost a minute out of Hinault. Barteau stunned almost everyone by finishing only a little behind LeMond. He was still in Yellow.
Stage 11 results:
That left the General Classification thus:
Round 4 to Renault.
Barteau was proving to be rather strongly attached to the Yellow Jersey. He survived the Pyrenees with a loss of only 2 minutes. With their teammate in Yellow, Fignon and LeMond could sit on. If someone wanted to take the Yellow from Barteau, he would have to attack and get past Fignon, who was riding as he normally did, coolly, with no unneeded expenditure of energy.
Hinault now seemed unworried about such plebian concerns as conserving his strength for the best possible, most efficient moment to take back the needed time and went on the offensive. He has often said that his normal way was to attack if he felt weak or at a loss. It's a noble sentiment, but sometimes, just as when Lee sent Pickett and his brave Confederates to charge men in a fortified position, nobility on those terms can be suicidal. As Tour founder Henri Desgrange said, it's la tête et les jambes (head and legs). It didn't seem that Hinault had the legs and he damn sure wasn't using his head.
Stage 14 went through the rolling countryside of the Massif Central. Faded Belgian hope Fons de Wolf, in an extraordinary exploit, went on a long solo break. At one point he had put 25 minutes between himself and the peloton. By the time the stage was over he still had 17 minutes, 40 seconds and had temporarily lifted himself to fourth place in the General Classification. The next day he paid for his effort and finished 23 minutes behind the stage winner Frédéric Vichot.
While Hinault may have been riding with a touch of an air of desperation, Fignon had also changed. He seemed to be getting stronger and was obviously growing more confident. On the day that de Wolf won, Hinault had attacked hard for second place in the stage. Fignon easily sped by the Badger causing Raymond Poulidor to pronounce himself astonished at Fignon. The next day Fignon won the field sprint.
The coming days held a 22-kilometer time trial and the Alpine stages. Even though he was riding in a state of grace, Fignon said that with only a 2-minute lead over Hinault, the slightest weakness would cost him dearly.
Stage 16 was an individual time trial with a tough 800-meter climb in the final half. Seeming to fly up the final kilometers of the mountain, Fignon beat Hinault, this time by 33 seconds.
Stage 17 was when things really got sorted out. It was a trip to the top of l'Alpe d'Huez passing over 3 other highly rated climbs on the way. Hinault had hoped that he could wear down his young rival. This seemed like an empty hope as Fignon was demonstrating a mastery that was Hinault's only a few years ago.
Hinault attacked 5 times on the penultimate climb, the Laffrey. Each time Fignon rode back to him. After the fifth assault Fignon was without teammates and the front group had been reduced to the climbing elite of the Tour. Then it was Fignon's turn. Fignon and Luis Herrera separated themselves from the others. They did this without specifically attacking. They just rode faster than any other rider could. Over the top and on the descent Hinault chased like a madman. Riding through the valley leading up to the steep hairpins of l'Alpe d'Huez Hinault caught the duo. Like a shark with the smell of blood in the water, the furious Hinault attacked and put some distance between himself and the Fignon/Herrera pair.
Looking back, Fignon said that the attack in no way concerned him. He said he thought Hinault's effort laughable. Herrera set a blistering pace up the mountain with Fignon, Millar and Arroyo on his wheel and caught Hinault. As Herrera raced for the summit, Fignon was the last man dropped by the flying Colombian. Looking at the stage results below, one can see that Robert Millar was over 3 minutes behind Herrera. Fignon's superiority to a specialist climber like Millar on what should be his ideal terrain gives an idea of the magnificent form Fignon enjoyed in 1984.
Round 5 and the fight to Fignon. Herrera’s stage win was the first by a Colombian, non-European, and amateur.
Stage 17 results:
The consequences of the stage were immense.
Barteau's dream was over. He had to give up the Yellow Jersey to Laurent Fignon.
Luis Herrera became the first Colombian in Tour History to win a stage. Herrera was having a fabulous year with a near win in the Red Zinger Classic. After his L'Alpe d'Huez stage victory the president of Colombia called him. The entire country had watched the stage at night (Colombian time) as their countryman showed that he was as good as Europe's best. Since then, Herrera's life in today's war-ravaged Colombia has been tough. He's been kidnapped twice and has to pay protection money regularly just to be left alone.
The angry, raging Hinault had lost 3 minutes to Fignon, but he was in no way subdued. He was looking for another opportunity to try to savage his competitors. Fignon, on the other hand, seemed to enjoy tormenting Hinault in press interviews. Samuel Abt put Fignon's attitude nicely, "If you couldn't kick a man when he was down, when could you kick him?"
The General Classification after stage 17:
The next stage was challenging. It included the Galibier, the Madeleine and a finish at La Plagne. All 3 were Hors Category climbs. Hinault was soon dropped by the leaders and chased back on. By this point Hinault was so reduced in circumstances that he, the Patron of the peloton, attacked in the feed zone. He was soon brought up short for that move by Fignon and LeMond's Renault team. He was again dropped on the Madeleine and chased back on the descent
Ever the patient man, Fignon assumed command on the final climb to La Plagne, dropping everyone, even the Colombians. This was the last element Fignon needed both to put the icing on the cake of this Tour and to silence those critics who carped that Fignon had not yet won a high mountain stage. He did this time, completely dominating his competitors. Hinault finished the stage in tenth place, almost 3 minutes behind Fignon. LeMond finished third in the stage, lifting him from fifth to third place in the Overall, only 1 minute, 13 seconds behind second place Hinault. Hinault trailed the flying Fignon in the General Classification by a giant 8 minutes, 39 seconds.
Two days later Fignon did it again, winning stage 20 alone on the hilltop finish at Crans-Montana.
Stage 22, the Tour's penultimate stage was a 51-kilometer individual time trial. Fignon won again, although Sean Kelly, when the times were rounded to the nearest second, finished with the same time. Hinault lost another 36 seconds.
The final General Classification of the 1984 Tour de France:
Climbers' Competition:
Points Competition:
Bernard Hinault earned the admiration of cycling fans for his refusal to give up. Every day he went out looking for some chink in Fignon's armor, some way to break his young rival. It wasn't to be. In 1984 Laurent Fignon was vastly superior to any other rider and was never seriously challenged. With complete command of the race, he could and did ride patiently, opening up time on his rivals when it suited him.
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